Certain people are more likely to develop osteoporosis than others. The following risk factors have been identified:

• Being female
• Thin and/or small frame
• Advanced age
• A family history of osteoporosis
• Being postmenopausal, including early or surgically induced menopause
• Abnormal absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea for more than 12 months) 
• Anorexia nervosa or bulimia
• A diet low in calcium
• Use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids and anticonvulsants
• Low testosterone levels in men
• An inactive lifestyle
• Cigarette smoking
• Excessive use of alcohol
• Being Caucasian or Asian, although African Americans and Hispanic Americans are at significant risk as well